Medicare Glossary

The Must-Read Medicare Glossary

*Repost* http://www.aarp.org/health/medicare-insurance/info-2017/medicare-glossary-reference.html

A reference tool for some of the most commonly used Medicare terms

by Dena Bunis, AARP Bulletin, October 2017|Comments: 0

There are key terms you should know when researching Medicare options.

Medicare: The federal program that helps people over 65 and some people with disabilities pay for their health care. It is structured as an insurance program with several “parts.” Each covers a different type of cost.

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Part A: Covers hospital stays, selected costs of continuing care after a hospital stay, some home health services and hospice.

Part B: Covers doctor visits and services, preventive care, lab tests and screenings, medical equipment and supplies, and some home health care.

Part C: Allows private health insurance companies to provide Medicare benefits. Known as Medicare Advantage plans, they are often HMOs or PPOs offering comprehensive health coverage that includes the services covered by parts A and B and sometimes more. Most also cover prescription drugs (Part D).

Part D: Covers outpatient prescription drug costs.

Supplemental Insurance, also known as Medigap: This is optional private insurance that Medicare recipients can buy to pay for out-of-pocket expenses (such as coinsurance costs) that traditional Medicare doesn’t cover. 

Coinsurance: The percentage of the cost that you pay for a medical service or equipment. For example, for many Part B services, Medicare pays 80 percent of the cost; your coinsurance in those cases is 20 percent.

Copay: A specific dollar amount that you pay as your share of the cost of a medical service or equipment. For example, in a Medicare Advantage plan, you might have a $25 copay for a doctor visit; under Part D, you might have $10 copay for a particular prescription each time you get a refill.

Coverage gap: Also called the doughnut hole, this kicks in when you and your prescription drug plan costs reach a coverage limit that the government sets each year — $3,750 for 2018. After that, you pay a larger share of your prescription drug costs until your out-of-pocket costs reach a government-set threshold — $5,000 in 2018. After that, the government picks up most of the tab for your drugs. Under the Affordable Care Act, this coverage gap will be eliminated in 2020.

Deductible: The amount you must pay before insurance pays anything. For example, the Part B deductible in 2017 was $183; that means you must pay for the first $183 in expenses that fall under Part B before it will begin covering costs. 

Also of Interest

• READ: Medicare Resource Center
• WHERE AARP STANDS: AARP CEO: We'll fight for Medicare
• READ: Navigating the Medicare maze
• TELL US: What are your concerns about Medicare?

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Medicare 101: What is Medicare Part B?

TransAmerica Page: Medicare 101: What is Medicare Part B?

Now that you’ve learned about Medicare Part A, you may also be wondering what Part B can do for you. While Part A will help you with things like hospital stays and skilled nursing facility care, Medicare Part B helps with other areas in which you may need coverage. Find out what Medicare Part B covers and if it’s for you.

What does Medicare Part B cover?

You may remember that in Part A, we explained Original Medicare is the term used when a plan combines Part A with Part B. That’s because in addition to the benefits Part A will give you, Part Bcovers clinical research, ambulance services, durable medical equipment, mental health (inpatient, outpatient, and partial hospitalization), the ability to get a pre-surgery second opinion, and limited outpatient prescription drugs.

Who qualifies?

If you aren’t eligible for premium-free Medicare Part A, not to worry; you can buy Part B without having to buy Part A. Here are the qualifications you need to meet:
• 65 years or over
• A U.S. Citizen or permanent resident who has legally been in the country for five consecutive years

When should I enroll?

Much like with Medicare Part A, Part B’s has a seven-month Initial Enrollment Period. This means anywhere between the three months prior to month you turn 65, and the three months after that. For example, if your birthday is in April, you are eligible from January through July.

However, if you don’t sign up within that time, you may have to pay a late enrollment penalty for the entire time you have Part B. According to Medicare.gov, “Your monthly premium for Part B may go up 10% for each full 12-month period that you could have had Part B, but didn’t sign up for it. Also, you may have to wait until the General Enrollment Period (from January 1 to March 31) to enroll in Part B, and coverage will start July 1 of that year.”

How much does it cost?

If you signed up for Part B when you became eligible, then you’ll likely pay a $104.90 premium each month, according to Medicare.gov. Though, this premium can change based on your income, and recent reports indicate it will cost more for a few select groups in the future.

There are some people who automatically get Part B. If you receive Social Security benefits, Railroad Retirement Board (RBB) benefits, are under 65 years old with a disability, have ALS, or live in Puerto Rico and receive Social Security or RBB benefits, then you are eligible for automatic enrollment.

With these benefits, it’s possible that you still don’t feel like you’re getting the coverage that you need. In that case, you can get supplemental Medicare insurance plans.

For more information on Medicare, check out Transamerica Center for Health Studies^®‘s handy guide.

About Transamerica Center for Health Studies^®.
The Transamerica Center for Health Studies^® (TCHS) is a division of the Transamerica Institute^®, a nonprofit, private foundation. TI is funded by contributions from Transamerica Life Insurance Company and its affiliates and may receive funds from unaffiliated third parties. TCHS is dedicated to identifying, researching and analyzing the most relevant health care issues facing consumers and employers nationwide. For more information about TCHS, please visit www.TransamericaCenterforHealthStudies.org.

Medicare 101: What is Medicare Part A?

Medicare 101: What is Medicare Part A?

TransAmerica Page: Medicare 101: What is Medicare Part A?

Medicare can be confusing, but don’t worry. You aren’t the only one feeling that way. Although there are many benefits to Medicare, with its different components and enrollment periods, it can get a little confusing. In this three-part series, we’ll break down Parts A, B, C and D of Medicare down to their essentials. Here are simple answers to the most-asked questions about Part A:

What does Medicare Part A cover?

Medicare Part A combined with Part B, make up what is known as Original Medicare. Part A covers emergency care, hospital stays, some nursing home care, and other long-term visits such as home health services and hospice care.

Who qualifies?

• Seniors (age 65 and above) who are U.S. citizens and permanent residents.
• Individuals with qualified disabilities (age 64 and below).

When should I enroll?

You can enroll during your Initial Enrollment Period (IEP), which usually lasts 7 months:

• Three months before your 65th birthday or 25th disability check.
• Month of your 65th birthday or 25th disability check.
• Three months after your 65th birthday or 25th disability check.

If you miss your Initial Enrollment Period, you can sign up during the General Enrollment Period, which is from January 1 to March 31. If you sign up during this time, your coverage will start July 1. Please note that if you enroll during the General Enrollment Period you may have to pay a higher premium for late enrollment.

Fall Open Enrollment occurs every year between October 15th and December 7th and allows those who already have Medicare to change their coverage. We recommend you review your coverage every year, as this is the one time when all people with Medicare can make changes to their plans for the next year.

How much does it cost?

Part A plans are provided to you at no cost if you or your spouse have worked and paid taxes for at least 40 quarters (or 10 years).

If this isn’t the case, you will pay a monthly premium of up to $407. The exact amount you’ll pay is determined by different factors such as your income and assets.

If you’re concerned about the costs involved that aren’t covered by Medicare, Medicare Supplement Insurance can help cover expenses that you’ll have to pay out of pocket.

For more info, check out Medicare.gov and this chart published by the Transamerica Center for Health Studies®.

The Transamerica Center for Health Studies® (TCHS) is a division of the Transamerica Institute®, a nonprofit, private foundation. TI is funded by contributions from Transamerica Life Insurance Company and its affiliates and may receive funds from unaffiliated third parties. TCHS is dedicated to identifying, researching and analyzing the most relevant health care issues facing consumers and employers nationwide. For more information about TCHS, please visit www.TransamericaCenterforHealthStudies.org.

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